HARDNESS TESTERS TECHNICAL CONTENT

Heat Treater Performs Brinell Hardness Testing with Precision for Primes

The largest subcontract heat treater of aluminum alloys in the UK, accredited to process components to Prime specifications, turned to a manufacturer of Brinell hardness testing machines to develop a more efficient testing process.

Foundrax BRINtronic automatic Brinell microscope

Alloy Heat Treatment (AHT), which serves the aerospace, automotive, energy, and other sectors, has a large number of prime customer approvals including Leonardo Helicopters, Airbus, Safran, Boeing, and BAE Systems. They are accredited to heat treat to these Prime’s specifications and often work as a trusted supplier to other companies that deal directly with them. Part of the Prime specifications dictates that Brinell hardness testing is carried out prior to releasing the components. AHT settled on the Foundrax BRINtronic automatic Brinell microscope, designed by Foundrax Engineering Products, based in Wessex, England.

“Part of the release process for aluminum alloys is that we must do conductivity and hardness testing on every job that leaves us,” said Steve Roberts, Quality Director with Alloy Heat Treatment. “As such we were looking at ways that we could gain efficiencies in this process. Using the BRINtronic from Foundrax has allowed us to gain these efficiencies.”

Brinell hardness measurements were required to be taken in areas of components where access is limited by intricate machine webbing or where the nose diameter of the microscope is restricted to approximately 30mm.

Alex Austin, Managing Director, Foundrax

“One of the problems we needed to solve with equipment selection is that the microscope must get into quite intricate places,” continued Roberts. “All the other microscopes we looked at have wide noses on them so, the design of the Foundrax scope was right up our street. We’ve used the manual Foundrax microscopes for as long as I’ve been here.”

“As the microscope automatically measures the indentation at multiple points, results are instant,” said Alex Austin, Managing Director of Foundrax. “They are recorded, and of course, the operator doesn’t have to turn the microscope 90 degrees and remeasure as he would with manual measurement. There is well over a 50% saving on measuring time.”

Foundrax BRINtronic display

“Obviously, the usability of the BRINtronic suited us,” said Roberts, “because we could get it into the places that we would struggle with using the competitor’s equipment. The process of measuring was far easier with the Foundrax BRINtronic as with the others we had to try and hold it with both hands and press buttons. They weren’t particularly well balanced either so in practice we were losing efficiencies rather than gaining them.”

 

 

 

Main photo caption: Steve Roberts of AHT uses the BRINtronic testing machine from Foundrax.

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Sacrificial Lambs: Hardness Testing and Heat Treating

 

Source: Gear Technology

 

Charles D. Schultz, president of Beyta Gear Service

In a recent blog post at Gear Technology, Charles D. Schultz, president of Beyta Gear Service, addressed the importance of accuracy when describing hardness test location and the reason why “sacrificial lambs” are needed during production.

“I cannot emphasize enough that if you are not cutting up parts or coupons you do not know what is really happening during your thermal processing.” ~ Charles D. Schulz

 

Read more: “Gear Materials: More Inside Heat Treating Trivia”

Photo Credit: Gear Technology

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Tackling the Hard-ness of Hardness Testing

 

Source: Struers.com

 

Hardness testing in heat treating has evolved to a precision science necessary to provide reliability in resolving yield strength of metal materials and to assist in comparing property differences of two materials, ultimately determining “the success or failure of a particular heat-treatment operation” (Daniel Herring, “Common Pitfalls in Hardness Testing,” Gear Solutions Magazine).

According to Herring, “The Heat Treat Doctor®” (see his Heat Treat Today consultant’s page here), “Hardness testing is thought to be one of the easiest tests to perform on the shop floor or in the metallurgical laboratory, but it can be one of the hardest tests to do properly.”

Today’s Best of the Web feature offers an easy-to-follow primer on this hard testing process, providing the following:

  • Definition of Hardness Testing
  • How Hardness Tests Work
  • Selecting the Best Hardness Test Method
  • The Four Most Common Indentation Hardness Tests: their uses, suitability, and distinctives
  • How to Ensure Accuracy and Repeatability in Hardness Testing
  • Surface Preparation Requirements for Hardness Testing
  • Definition of Hardness Testing Loads
  • Indent Spacing
  • Troubleshooting for Hardness Tests

For a teaser, consider this excerpt from the article from Struers:

Factors that influence hardness testing

A number of factors influence hardness tests results. As a general rule, the lower the load you use in the hardness test, the more factors that need to be controlled to ensure an accurate conclusion of the hardness test. 

Here are a few of the most important factors to consider to ensure an accurate conclusion from a hardness test.

  • External factors such as light, dirt, vibrations, temperature, and humidity should be controlled
  • The tester and stage should be secured on a solid horizontal table, and the sample should be clamped or held in a holder or anvil
  • The indenter should be perpendicular to the tested surface
  • Illumination settings should be constant during the test when using Vickers, Knoop, or Brinell
  • The tester should be recalibrated/verified every time you change the indenter or objective lens

 

Read more: “Hardness Testing Is a Key Element in Many Quality Control Procedures and R&D Work”

Photo credit: Struers

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What’s Going on Inside Your Heat Treated Part?

 

Source: Gear Technology

 

It’s no secret to heat treaters that not all methods work well on all parts and specifications. It’s also a hard fact that false readings can result when applying hardness measuring systems, therefore, says Charles D. Schulz of Gear Technology, “critical service parts often require a few ‘sacrificial lambs’ to be processed along with the production parts.”

“I cannot emphasize enough that if you are not cutting up parts or coupons you do not know what is really happening during your thermal processing.” — Charles D. Schulz

 

Read more: “Gear Materials: More Inside Heat Treating Trivia”

Photo credit: Gear Technology

 

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Updated MPIF Standard 35 Refers to Heat Treatment of Alloys

 

Source: 3DEO

 

A new update on MPIF Standard 35 was issued in October 2017 by the Metal Powder Industries Federation (MPIF) for aluminum alloys often used in aerospace applications, providing design and materials engineers with performance requirements for specifying aluminum alloys in powder metallurgy. The new standards identify a Rockwell hardness of 75 for the AC-2014-32-T8 and 83 for the AC-2014-38-T8, values which refer to the heat treatment which the alloys undergo.

Read more: “New Powder Metal Alloys Added to MPIF Standard 35”

 

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